Case
ASDA and Scott Paper
Beer and Nohria use these two companies to illustrate two ways of changing (shareholder-value led and capability led).
- Industry
- Retail; paper
- Frameworks applied
- Theory E and Theory O of change

Frameworks applied
This case is read through the frameworks below.
- Theory E and Theory O of changeWhen leading a major organisational change, should a CEO pursue fast economic value through hard levers (Theory E), build culture and capability (Theory O), or combine both?
Sources
References
Listed A–Z by author surname, Harvard style. A source with a DOI links to https://doi.org/…; one without links to its page or says plainly that it has no DOI.
- Beer, M. and Nohria, N. (2000) Cracking the code of change. Harvard Business Review.No DOIhbr.orgSource page