Case
Unilever
In March 2024 Unilever announced a three-year plan to cut about 7,500 jobs worldwide, spin off its ice-cream business as a separate company and save about €800m. Used to discuss how restructuring is communicated and the psychological contract.
- Industry
- Consumer goods
- Frameworks applied
- Theory E and Theory O of changeKotter's eight-step change model

Frameworks applied
This case is read through the frameworks below.
- Theory E and Theory O of changeWhen leading a major organisational change, should a CEO pursue fast economic value through hard levers (Theory E), build culture and capability (Theory O), or combine both?
- Kotter's eight-step change modelWhen a CEO launches a major transformation, which steps, in what order, stop the change stalling halfway and anchor it in the organisation's culture?
Sources
References
Listed A–Z by author surname, Harvard style. A source with a DOI links to https://doi.org/…; one without links to its page or says plainly that it has no DOI.
- BBC News (2024) Unilever is cutting jobs and splitting off its ice cream unit. BBC News.No DOIbbc.comSource page