Framework
Carnall's four approaches to implementing change
The question it answers
When a leadership team is about to roll out a change, should they run it as a clinical, linear, systems or emergent process?
- Origin
- Carnall, 2007
- Diagram type
- Comparison table
- Level of analysis
- Firm
- Topics
- Change management
Diagram
Carnall's four approaches to implementing change
| Criterion | Clinical | Linear | Systems | Emergent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Focus | Individuals, teams and the psychological contract | A chain of steps from vision to implementation | The whole system and its environment | Continuous learning and experiment |
| Example | Organisation development | Kotter's eight steps | Open systems theory | The "Good to Great" model |
Sources
References
Listed A–Z by author surname, Harvard style. A source with a DOI links to https://doi.org/…; one without links to its page or says plainly that it has no DOI.
- Carnall, C. (2007) Managing Change in Organizations. Harlow: Pearson.No DOISource page