Framework
Three elements of social innovation
The question it answers
A social enterprise or NGO designs a project for people left out of services or markets: which three features should the innovation have if it is to change lives beyond a short-lived pilot?
- Origin
- Moulaert, MacCallum and Hillier, 2013
- Diagram type
- Process by phase
- Level of analysis
- Industry

Diagram
Three elements of social innovation
- Three elements
- Satisfy human needs that are currently unmet
- Reconfigure social relations, especially between social groups
- Empowerment, or political mobilisation, of the people trying to meet their needs
Sources
References
Listed A–Z by author surname, Harvard style. A source with a DOI links to https://doi.org/…; one without links to its page or says plainly that it has no DOI.
- Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D. and Hillier, J. (2013) ‘Social innovation: intuition, precept, concept, theory and practice’, in The international handbook on social innovation: collective action, social learning and transdisciplinary research. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 13–24.doi:10.4337/9781849809993.00011Source page