Framework
The Triple-A supply chain (agility, adaptability, alignment)
The question it answers
When a fast, low-cost supply chain still falters under disruption, what must an operations director build so it stays agile, adaptable and aligned across partners?
- Origin
- Lee (2004)
- Diagram type
- Comparison table
- Level of analysis
- Industry

Diagram
The Triple-A supply chain (agility, adaptability, alignment)
| Criterion | Agility | Adaptability | Alignment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Respond quickly to supply and demand swings while staying cheap | Adjust the network when market or strategy changes, spotting structural shifts early | Interests of the parties in the chain point the same way |
| Sign it is missing | Speed bought at the cost of money | Old network kept after the market has moved | Each party optimises alone and pushes cost onto others |
Pitfalls
Pitfall
The three qualities must go together; with one missing, the chain degrades.
Sources
References
Listed A–Z by author surname, Harvard style. A source with a DOI links to https://doi.org/…; one without links to its page or says plainly that it has no DOI.
- Lee, H.L. (2004) ‘The triple-A supply chain’, Harvard Business Review, 82(10), pp. 102–112.No DOIhbr.orgSource page